Influence of the uniform reduction of nitrogen fertilizer on the new shoots of tea [Camellia sinensis] plants
2005
Nagato, W.(Kanagawa-ken. Agricultural Research Inst., Hiratsuka (Japan))
With the increasing concern about the influence of agriculture on the environment, it is required to decrease the amount of fertilizer in tea culture for lowering environmental load due to nitrate nitrogen, a derivative of nitrogen fertilizer. Therefore, in order to reduce the amount of fertilizer application, we investigated how new shoots of tea plants were influenced by uniformly decreasing the amount of nitrogen fertilizer. As a result, for the first crop of tea, we found that lowered the amount of nitrogen fertilizer decreased the number and weight of new shoots, resulting in the reduce yield. We also found that later plucking than the optimum plucking time made this difference greater and decreased the yield of bancha. In addition, less the amount of nitrogen fertilizer increased the dried percentage of new shoots, suggesting less moist hard leaves. For the quality of crude tea, the smaller amount of nitrogen fertilizer we used, the more degradation both first and second crops of tea showed in the evaluation of sensory quality test and in the contents of chemical components. The larger amount of nitrogen fertilizer we applied, the higher content of inorganic nitrogen we detected in soil. Especially, a difference in the amount of ammonium nitrogen was remarkable in April and May. As described above, it is suggested that simply lowered rate of nitrogen fertilizer application may reduce the yield and quality of tea. In the future reduction of fertilizer application, it seems necessary to examine the seasonal allocation of fertilizer and the adoption of material.
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