Fungal infection of malt barley kernels in Slovak Republic
2007
Rohacik, T.,SELEKT, Vyskumny a Slachtitelsky Ustav, Bucany (Slovak Republic) | Hudec, K.,Slovenska Polnohospodarska Univ., Nitra (Slovak Republic). Katedra Ochrany Rastlin
The influence of agro-environmental factors (year, cultivar, climate) on the occurrence of fungi on kernels of malt barley, their species spectrum and seedling viability were evaluated during 2004 and 2005. The seeds (asymptomatic, fraction above 2.5 mm) originated from different cultivars and locations of the Slovak Republic. Surface sterilisation of the kernels before isolation of the fungi was the key factor for objective results on the occurrence of Fusarium species. Screening of non-sterilised kernels gave a different spectrum of fungal species and their frequency and may lead to distorted results. The most frequent species isolated from barley kernels were Alternaria spp., Cochliobolus sativus, Epicoccum nigrum, Fusarium spp., and Pyrenophora teres. The results confirmed that agro-environmental factors (mostly year and microclimatic conditions) had a major influence on infection by and population structure of fungi in malt barley kernels. The total sample infection by Fusarium spp. was significantly higher at high altitude and in 2005 than in other conditions and in 2004. The infection level varied from 0% to 20%. In 2005, it exceeded 20% in some localities. The widest fungal species spectrum was recorded in locations with high level of kernel infestation.
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