Comparisions of Seed, Oil Yield and Agronomic Traits of Winter Rapeseed Varieties under Rain Fed Conditions.

To finding canola cultivars with high yield in semi cold rain fed conditionsand selection them this research performance in five trails separately. Cultivars evaluated in RCBD with three replications in Sararood and Shirvan Agricultural Research Stations. In growing season and after harvesting 11 traits recorded. Experiment 1 (Evaluation of fall rapeseed yield in rain fed conditions ) results showed that there were significant differences among varieties at 1% level for days to starting flowering and finish flowering, No. of days to maturity, thousand weight kernel, oil%, seed and oil yield. Dunken means comparison divided varieties to three groups for seed yield in 5% probability level. Aviso variety and Elvis hybrid had the highest seed yield ( 1740 and 1695 Kg/ha respectively ) and oil yield ( 797.4 and 753.1 Kg/ha respectively ). It revealed that varieties with short period of maturity have high seed yield in rain fed conditions. It is need to say, earliness trait can be introduced as a selection index for seed yield in rain fed conditions. Aviso variety and Elvis hybrid were suggested to Kermanshah area because of earliness and high seed yield. In Experiment 2 (Investigation of new rapeseed varieties yield under rain fed conditions ) there were significant differences among varieties at 1% level for all traits except No. of grain per pod. This indicated that the traits had genetic variation among varieties which can increase selection efficiency for breeding them. Means comparison of grain and oil yield among varieties in Duncan,s test ( P=5%) showed significant differences. Amica and Comet varieties had the most grain yield (2660 and 2233 Kg/ha respectively) and oil yield ( 1273 and 1085 Kg/ha respectively ). Traits mean indicated that high yield varieties had No. of days to maturity lower than others. This means varieties with lower maturity period can be enjoyed higher grain yield with producing more grains. In generally, Amica and Comet advised for Kermanshah under rain fed conditions. because of earliness and high seed yield. Experiment 3 ( Investigation of rapeseed varieties yield under rain fed conditions ) showed that there were significant differences among varieties at 1% level for days to starting flowering and finish flowering, No. of days to maturity, thousand weight kernel, oil%, seed and oil yield. Means comparison of grain and oil yield among varieties in Duncan,s test ( P=5%) showed significant differences. Kristina and Lydone varieties had most grain yield (1549.44 and 1355.86 Kg/ha respectively) and oil yield ( 745.74 and 637.55 Kg/ha respectively ). Meanwhile, these varieties had the lowest No. of days to maturity. In generally, we can say in rain fed conditions, varieties must be used with earliness. Therefore, Kristina and Lydone suggested to Kermanshah area due to earliness and high yield. In Experiment 4 (Evaluation of seed, oil yield and agronomic traits of spring rapeseed ( B.napus ) varieties in fall and spring planting under rain fed conditions ) Fall planting results showed that there were significant differences among varieties at 1% level for days to starting flowering and finish flowering, No. of days to maturity, thousand weight kernel and oil%. Means comparison of grain and oil yield among varieties in Duncan,s test ( P=5%) showed significant differences. Magent and Alexandra had most grain yield (1361.7 and 1348.35 Kg/ha respectively) and oil yield ( 728.94 and 667.64 Kg/ha respectively ). Meanwhile, these varieties showed cold resistant. Spring planting results showed that all varieties germinated well. But, plants gave flower speedy when increased heat and dry. It caused to dry most flowers and form pods very little. Therefore, did not get economic yield. In attention to results, Magent and Alexandra varieties have most grain and oil yield. They are advisable for semi cold areas in fall planting under rain fed conditions. But spring planting do not advice for semi cold areas under rain fed conditions. Experiment 5 (Evaluation of seed, oil yield and agronomic traits of spring rapeseed and mustard varieties in north of Khorasan under rain fed conditions ) showed that there were significant differences among varieties at 1% level for No. of days to flowering and maturity, plant high, No. of seed per pod, thousand weight kernel, oil% and seed yield. Of course, there was significant difference among varieties at 5% level for oil yield trait. Means comparison of grain and oil yield among varieties in Duncan,s test ( P=5%) showed significant differences. UCD-310/3 and Yellow mustard varieties had the most grain yield (1164.23 and 1067.95 Kg/ha respectively) and UCD-310/3 and Bard-1 varieties had the most oil yield ( 395.83 and 327.4 Kg/ha respectively ). Meanwhile, Yellow mustard variety did not show significant difference with UCD-310/3 varieties at 5% level for oil yield trait. UCD-310/3, Yellow mustard and Bard-1 varieties are advisable for Shirvan (Khorasan) area in spring planting under rain fed conditions because of the highest seed and oil yield. It is need to say, early varieties have high seed yield and earliness trait can be considered as a selection index in rain fed conditions. Kermanshah and Shirvan ( Khorasan ) area have potential for producing canola in fall and spring respectively under rain fed conditions. Key words: Rapeseed, Seed Yield, Rain Fed,