Ecological soil functions in regard of their vulnerability
2004
Makovnikova, J.,Soil Science and Conservation Research Institute, Bratislava (Slovak Republic)
In this paper evaluation and development of the main indicators of selected soil functions (filtration, accumulation, buffering) regarding anorganic contaminants (heavy metals) is presented. The filtration function determine with mobile Cd, Pb, Cu and Zn is characterized by the first factor, which can be interpreted as the factor of negatively pH dependent effective mobility of heavy metals and the second and third factors which reflect the influence of organic matter. These three factors explain 88.4 to 93% of the total variation. The accumulation function depends directly on total content of heavy metals in soil and indirectly on content and quality of organic matter, pH value and on depth of humic horizon. The two main factors explain 77.8 to 87.9% of total variation. On the basis of factor analysis we determined the direct indicator of buffering function which is pH value and the main indirect indicators like soil texture, quality and content of organic matter which explain 70.6% of the total variability. The factor analysis showed the main indicators that potencially influence selected ecological functions of soil regarding heavy metals. There are direct indicators like mobile content and total content of heavy metals, soil pH value and indirect indicators like content and quality of organic matter, soil texture, depth of humic horizon and soil texture. The development of some indicators which are the part of database of Partial monitoring system - Soil shows the negative trends in the case of pH value (Cambisosl and Fluvisols) and organic carbon content (all soil types). These trends increase the vulnerability of selected soil types according to protection of their ecological functions.
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