[Transformation of the heavy loamy-clayey greyzems of central Moldova to the arable land]
2007
Lungu, M.M.,Institute of Soil Science and Agrochemistry by N. Dimo, Kishinev (Moldova)
The research were carried out in Orhei district, village Ivancea, zone of Codri from central part of Moldova. There were studied the virgin and tilled greyzems with medium fine structure witch had been used in agriculture for over a hundred years. For a quantitative estimation of change of properties greyzems mastered under an arable land, are carried out parallel soil research wood and arable (in the autumn, after harvesting corn) soils. On the flat area located near by to a primary wood, have been layed on 5 soil cuts on arable land and in a wood and following works have been conducted: the morphological description of soil profiles; definition of density in the center of each genetic horizon; selection of soil samples. In laboratory the selected soil samples have been investigated by the the following parameters: hygroscopicity, the maximal hygroscopicity, structure (dry and wet sifting) both for arable and under arable horizons; granulometric structure; density of a firm phase; humus content; PH; hydrolytic acidity. It was established that the layer of 0-30 cm of virgin soils had initially an excellent structure and mellowing. Due to continuous using in agriculture they became poorly structured, compacted. Its medium texture has changed into medium fine and turned its color into brown-red. The layer almost lost the property to keep the mellow state after tillage. The bulk equilibrated density of the ploughed layer (lower the periodic cultivated layer) has made the of values of 1,50-1,55 g/cm3 at depth of 10-30 cm by the middle of summer, and the degree of compaction 17-18%. Stopping illuvial process in arable soils and reduction of hydrolytic acidities practically in 3 times are the positive facts. As a result, the physical quality of the layer became unsuitable for crops growing
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