Lead uptake by Matricaria chamomilla L.
2008
Grejtovsky, A.,Univerzita Pavla Josefa Safarika, Kosice (Slovak Republic). Ustav Biologickych a Ekologickych Vied | Markusova, K.,Univerzita Pavla Josefa Safarika, Kosice (Slovak Republic). Ustav Biologickych a Ekologickych Vied | Novakova, L.,Univerzita Pavla Josefa Safarika, Kosice (Slovak Republic). Ustav Biologickych a Ekologickych Vied
Investigations were carried out under laboratory conditions in a nutrient solution according to Knop to observe the influence of increasing concentrations of Pb (5, 25, 50, 75 micromol/L) on its uptake and accumulation in Matricaria chamomilla, diploid cv. Novbona. The essential part of Pb taken up by chamomile plants accumulated in roots; only minor portion of the metal was translocated to the aboveground part of the plant. Pb addition to the growth medium reduced significantly the root biomass (-46.3% at the highest supply of Pb); reduction in the aboveground dry matter (-18.3%) was insignificant. Pb treatment also reduced chlorophyll content in leaves (P less than 0.01). The highest level of Pb resulted in a decrease of Chl a by 52% and of Chl b by 48%. It induced free proline (Pro) accumulation in leaf rosette tissues (P less than 0.01). Distribution of Pb in chamomile plants (cv. Novbona) and accumulation of Pb with focus on accumulation in inflorescences (drug Flos chamomillae) was investigated in a pot experiment with soil (Orthic Luvisol) supplemented with 50 mg Pb/kg dry soil. At this treatment, the content of Pb in chamomile inflorescences was 3-fold higher in comparison with the control (P less than 0.05) but the level of accumulated Pb (2.08 mg Pb/kg dm flowers) was far below the limit (10 mg/kg) set by the WHO as the highest acceptable level of Pb in the chamomile drug.
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