Diagnostic testing of different stages of avian tuberculosis in naturally infected hens (Gallus domesticus) by the tuberculin skin and rapid agglutination tests, faecal and egg examinations
2008
Shitaye, J.E.,Vyzkumny Ustav Veterinarniho Lekarstvi, Brno (Czech Republic) | Matlova, L.,Vyzkumny Ustav Veterinarniho Lekarstvi, Brno (Czech Republic) | Horvathova, A.,Vyzkumny Ustav Veterinarniho Lekarstvi, Brno (Czech Republic) | Moravkova, M.,Vyzkumny Ustav Veterinarniho Lekarstvi, Brno (Czech Republic) | Dvorska-Bartosova, L.,Vyzkumny Ustav Veterinarniho Lekarstvi, Brno (Czech Republic) | Trcka, I.,Vyzkumny Ustav Veterinarniho Lekarstvi, Brno (Czech Republic) | Lamka, J.,Vyzkumny Ustav Veterinarniho Lekarstvi, Brno (Czech Republic) | Treml, F.,Veterinarni a Farmaceuticka Univ., Brno (Czech Republic) | Vrbas, V.,Vyzkumny Ustav Veterinarniho Lekarstvi, Brno (Czech Republic) | Pavlik, I.,Vyzkumny Ustav Veterinarniho Lekarstvi, Brno (Czech Republic)
The first aim of this work was to compare the efficiency of different diagnostic methods that are routinely used to diagnose avian tuberculosis (ATBC, skin test, serology and culture of faeces and eggs) in naturally infected hens with different levels of infection. The second aim was to determine the excretion rate of MAA in faeces and eggs. Eighteen naturally infected hens from a flock of 64 hens were selected. The tuberculin skin test gave a positive result in nine infected hens of which four and one were heavily and slightly infected, respectively. A positive serological response to MAA-b antigen (water bird isolate of serotype 1) was observed in five and to MAA-p antigen (pig isolate serotype 2) in seven hens. No correlation between serological and skin-test data was found. The results show that both techniques, serological and skin-test data, are inadequate for the diagnosis of ATBC. In euthanized hens with heavy infection and tuberculous lesions serological positivity was significant in comparison with slightly infected hens lacking tuberculous lesions. Faecal culture detected MAA in 50 out of 168 samples collected for eight days before euthanasia. MAA excretion in faeces was intermittent, but significantly higher in heavily infected hens. No mycobacteria were detected in any of the 43 examined eggs, which implies that the shedding of MAA and/or transmission of ATBC through eggs may not be frequent.
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