Effect Of Altitude On Essential Oil And Components In Wild Thyme (Thymus kotschyanus Boiss) Taleghan Region
2007
Habibi, H., Shahed University, College of Agriculture Cept. of Agronomy Tehran-Iran. | Mazaheri, D., Tehran University, College of Horticulture, Karaj, Iran | Majnoon Hosseini, N., Tehran University, College of Horticulture, Karaj, Iran | Chaeechi, M.R., Tehran University, College of Horticulture, Karaj, Iran | Fakhr-Tabatabaee, M., Tehran University, College of Horticulture, Karaj, Iran | Bigdeli, M., Ministry of Jahad Keshavarzi, Tehran, Iran
Growth and development of plants in different ecosystems and natural habitat is effected by different environmental factors like altitude. Therefore, the effect of altitude on essential oil and chemotypes’ variability of Thymus kotschyanus Boiss growing wild in southern aspect of Alborz Mountains was investigated. The sampling site altitude were ranged from 1800-2800 meter which was subdivided to six strata of every 200 meter, In each stratum the fresh samples of annual growth were randomly harvested stage (flower, leave, stem) during full flowering with 3 replication July to August 2003. The percent essential oil and the six major chemotypes as Thymol, Carvacrol, Linalool, خ±-Terpinene were measured by GC and GC/MS system. The percent essential oil of the samples collected from 1800-2800 meter were 2.56, 2.27, 2.05, 1.92, 1.39 and 1.31 respectively. The highest and lowest percent recorded were 1800 and 2800 respectively. From essential oil components Linalool ranged 45 and 1.9 percent from 2800 to 1800 respectively. There was a positive correlation between essential oils content and lower altitude while same correlation was obtained between few other chemotypes and higher altitude. Thymol has been usually reported to be the widest spread chemotypes in the genus of thymus sp. however, in this study linalool and خ±-Terpinene were the highest amount in species thymus kotschyanus (45 and 39.5 percent respectively). A high positive correlation was found between Ca+Mg, Na and OC% in the soil with altitude. In conclusion, the highest percent of essential oils in thymus kotschyanus boiss found at lower altitude while the highest content of chemotypes was associated with higher altitude of 2800 meter.
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