Genotype of bovine stearoyl-CoA desaturase and fatty acid composition in Japanese Black cattle
2007
Matsuhashi, T.(Gifu-ken. Livestock Research Inst., Takayama (Japan)) | Maruyama, S. | Tsuneishi, E. | Kobayashi, N. | Hayashi, N. | Hoshino, Y. | Sakai, K.
Bovine stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) is the enzyme that oxidizes saturated fatty acids to monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA). Bovine SCD 878CT SNP on exon 5 has been reported to affect fatty acid composition of the fat. In this study, we investigated the effect of the SCD SNP on fatty acid composition of fat in the longissimus muscle to see the possibility of using it as a breeding marker for the fattening Japanese Black cattle. Tissue samples and carcass data were collected from 297 Japanese Black cattle slaughtered from 2004 to 2006 in Gifu prefecture. Crude fat content of the muscle was determined, fatty acid composition of the fat was analyzed and its relation to SCD genotypes determined by the PCR-RFLP was examined. Genotypic frequencies of SCD gene were 0.475, 0.431 and 0.09 for genotypes of AA, VA and VV, respectively. In steers, fatty acid composition of the fat varied among SCD genotypes. Ratios of C14:0 and C18:0 decreased and ratios of C14:1 and C18:1 increased, as the number of A alleles increased. Thus, the average ratio of MUFA to total fatty acids was higher by 3.4% in AA steers and higher by 2.4% in VA steers than that in VV steers. Such effects as in steers were not observed in cows. Sex, marketed age of month and marketed year had some influence on MUFA ratio on the fat. SCD genotypes showed statistically significant effects on the MUFA ratio, although sex, marketed age of month and marketed year had some influence on it. By the way, there was no appreciable association between SCD genotypes and carcass traits both in steers and cows. These results suggest that the SCD SNP on exon 5 may be used as a breeding marker to control the fatty acid composition of fat in the longissimus muscle.
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