Hormonal induction of in vitro tuber formation in purple yam (Dioscorea alata L.) nodal cultures
2007
Atilano, C.D., Leyte State Univ., Visca, Baybay, Leyte 6521-A (Philippines). Dept. of Horticulture | Villaluz, A.Z., Leyte State Univ., Visca, Baybay, Leyte 6521-A (Philippines). Phil. Root Crops
The study explored the use of jasmonic acid (JA) and abscissic acid (ABA) to induce and promote production of tubers in vitro (microtubers) as a new tool in Philippine yam propagation using the purple variety 'VU-2'. Single nodal explants from in-vitro-maintained cultures were inoculated onto Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with or without 0.1-5.0 mg/l JA or ABA. Complete plantlets developed from all explants regardless of JA or ABA treatments. JA had no marked effect on the time period to shoot and root initiation but had differential inhibitory effect on subsequent growth. JA had no significant effect on shoot length but decreased the number of shoots at 2 mg/l or higher. It required a lower level of 1 mg/l to significantly reduce the number of roots while root length decreased only at 5 mg/l JA. On the other hand, ABA had very pronounced inhibitory effect on shoot and root initiation and growth at concentrations of 0.5 mg/l or higher. Microtuber formation was induced by both JA and ABA in less than 3 months incubation. Concentrations of 1 mg/l JA and 0.1 mg/l ABA seemed to be optimum as these produced the most number of heaviest microtubers among treatments particularly after 5 months incubation. During growth in open field, the use of planting materials with microtubers remarkably increased plant survival and tuber yield. The results have important implications on the use of microtuber-induction technique in yam propagation and production.
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