Variability of the leaf of Triticum aestivum L. under conditions of different soil fertilization
2007
Bojovic, B.,Faculty of Science, Kragujevac (Serbia). Institute of Biology and Ecology | Markovic, A.,Faculty of Science, Kragujevac (Serbia). Institute of Biology and Ecology
Complex physiological investigations were carried out in the flowering phase on five wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars growing on a test plot of the Small Grains Research Center in Kragujevac, Serbia. Terminal leaves of wheat cultivars were taken from plants of four variants of soil fertilization (N, NPK, NP, and NK) and from ones on unfertilized soil. Pigment content was determined by the spectrophotometric method and calculated according to Wellburn (1994). Leaf surface was measured by the method of leaf parameters. The obtained results showed that chlorophyll content is depended on mineral nutritiom. The lowest chlorophyll contents is measured on unfertilized soil. Fertilization with nitrogen and phosphorus (NP) was the most favourable variant. Mineral nutrition significantly affects the dynamics of formation leaf surface and the extent of leaf area which is reflected in the sum total of leaf surface, the photosynthetic potential, and net photosynthesis. The most favourable fertilization variant for the extent of leaf surface was the NK variant (nitrogen and phosphorus added to the soil). The combination of three elements (NPK fertilizer) has no great influence on leaf surface. Dry matter weight is a very important factor for determination of mineral element needs for photosynthesis. Nitrogen and phosphorus increase synthesis of organic compounds, with the result that the plants have greater dry matter weight. The most favourable fertilization variant for dry matter weight was the NK variant. On unfertilized soil, leaf dry weight was the lowest in all wheat cultivars.
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