The effect of the reduced tillage practices on the crop stand development and amount of the crop residues on the soil surface
2008
Nozdrovicky, L., Slovak Agricultural University, Nitra (Slovak Republic)
In conditions of the Cooperative farm Komoca (southwest of Slovakia, district Nove Zamky) we have conducted experiments focused on effects of reduced tillage. The farm has 1300 ha of arable land of which 350 ha winter wheat, 110 ha spring barley, 370 ha grain maize and 150 ha sunflower. In winter wheat and spring barley cropping systems the three variants of tillage practices have been compared - conventional tillage based on ploughing, reduced tillage and direct seeding (no-till system). Reduced tillage significantly effects both the amount of the crop residues on the soil surface and crop stand development. Using of reduced tillage has caused the slight decrease of the plant population. It was caused probably by slower drying and warming of the upper soil surface layers when compared with the conventional tillage practice. The higher amount of the crop residues on the soil surface can be considered as a positive effect the reduced tillage practices. In case of direct seeding tillage practice the crop residue covering of soil surface was 27.4% while for conventional tillage practice it was only 5.65%.
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