Species composition as a base for close-to-nature silviculture in the Krkonoše Mts.
2005
Vacek, S.,Výzkumný ústav lesního hospodářství a myslivosti, Opočno (Czech Republic). Výzkumná stanice Opočno | Podrázský, V.
Present species composition of forest ecosystems in the Krkonoše Mts. considerable differs from the original composition, i.e. composition at the beginning of the 14th century. The most extensive changes of species composition arose in the course of 16th century as a consequences of exploitative harvesting for mines and smelt houses. Unsatisfying forest state after frequent calamities evoked a lot of effort aimed at renovation of more varied tree species composition. First attempts at it appeared as early as in the 18th and 19th century, when original gene pool was disturbed in connection with the artificial regeneration, and later attempts were in 50s and 60s of the 20th century. The most frequent method of varied species composition restoration was based on percentage of fir, larch and broadleaved trees increase. After air pollution disaster, reforestation targets were changed and beech was planted into spruce plantation and new species compositions were formed. In the bilateral biosphere reserve of the Krkonoše/Karkonosze Mts., chief attention is paid to autochthonous origin of new established stands as the close-to-nature silvicultural method. Presented contribution is a part of paper aimed at application of unified Czech-Polish close-to-nature principles of care for forest ecosystems of the Krkonoše Mts.
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