Effect of corn (Zea mays L.) water and temperature of ridge and furrow planting of rainfall harvesting under simulated rainfall conditions

Chino. 探明沟垄微型集雨种植（垄体覆膜沟内种植）适宜的降雨量范围，为确定合理的微型集雨种植模式提供科学依据。在夏玉米生长期，人工模拟大、中、小3种降雨量（440、340和230 mm），定期测定传统平作（T1）和沟垄微型集雨种植（T2）条件下土壤水分和耕层地温，并分析了农田水分利用效率（water use efficiency，WUE）。在玉米全生育期230、340和440 mm降雨量下，沟垄微型集雨种植农田200 cm土层平均储水量分别较平作（平作不起垄不覆膜）增加了2.3％、5.2％和4.5％，耕层0～5 cm平均地温分别增加了1.2、1.1和1.0℃。在全生育期230 mm和340 mm雨量下，WUE 较平作分别增加7 kg/ha/m和3.1 kg/ha/mm，提高了61.24％和26.90％；当全生育期降雨量为440 mm时，沟垄微型集雨种植和平作的WUE分别为16.55 kg/ha/mn和17.46 kg/ha/mm，差异不显著。在夏玉米生育期降雨量为230 mm到340 mm雨量范围，沟垄微型集雨种植能明显改善玉米的水温条件，提高WUE。

Inglés. The objective of this experiment was to study the proper rainfall of ridge and furrow planting of rainfall harvesting (PRFRH) ( ridge with plastic mulch and plant furrow ), and to provide scientific basis for PRFRH mode. The soil water content and temperature in topsoil under conventional flat farming practice (T1) and ridge/furrow planting of rainfall harvesting (T2) were determined during growth stages of summer corn by simulated three rainfalls (440, 340 and 230mm). The results showed that under different rainfall (230, 340 and 440 mm) the average soil moisture in 200 cm soil layer of PRFRH was higher 2.3%, 5.2% and 4.5% than that of control (flat cultivation without ridge and plastic) respectively during the whole growth period of corn. Determination of temperature in 0-5 cm soil layer investigated that compared to control, the soil temperature treated with different rainfall increased by 1.2, 1.1 and 1.0 ℃ respectively. Also, the WUE of PRFRH under 230 mm and 340 mm rainfall was higher 7 kg•ha-1•mm-1 and 3.1 kg•ha-1, i.e., 61.24% and 26.90%, than that of control respectively in the whole growth stages. However, the WUE of PRFRH and flat cultivation was 16.55 kg•ha-1•mm-1 and 17.46 kg•ha-1•mm-1 respectively under 440 mm rainfall and there was no significant difference between them. Under 230 mm and 340 mm, PRFRH could improve soil moisture and temperature, and increase WUE during whole growth period of summer corn.