In vitro selection of new olive Nacl-salinity tolerant genotype using somatic embryogenesis induction and gamma mutation techniques
2005
Fayeq, Muhammad A. | El-Sayed, Muhammad. | Abdel-Zhaher, Muhammad H. | El-Darwish, Munzer H.
This study was undertaken to obtain somatic embryos from Kalamata olive cotyledon callus 1/2 V2 MS medium supplemented 2.5 mg\\LIBA and 0.5 mg\\LlBA at dark conditions gave white and compact callus which used to regenerate somatic embryogenesis on 1/2 MS medium supplemented with 0.1 mg\\LZeatin and 0.1 mg\\LNAA at dark conditions. Somatic embryos were multiplicated by obtaining secondary somatic embryos from the initial ones using 2ip. It gave the highest number of secondary somatic embryos at 0.12 mg\\L. Gamma irradiation at 20 Gy gave the highest percentage of somatic embryos survival, meanwhile 40 Gy resulted in the highest average of NaCI salinity tolerance at 250 mM. 80 Gy caused complete necrosis of somatic embryos. 250 mM-NaCI tolerant lines accumulated more proline soluble amino acids and sugars in both leaves and roots. Selected line maintained higher levels of K, Mg, Ca, chlorophylls a and b as well as K/Na ratio and absorbed less Cl and Na than the original one. Selected line was developed to plantlets on woody plant medium (WPM) supplemented with 2.5mg\\LGA and acclimatized under greenhouse conditions. Olive selected plantlets were irrigated with 250 mM-NaCI salinity up to 60 days and showed higher averages of survival, plant growth, relative growth rate (RGR), leaf area, dry weight of whole plant and roots as compared with the original one.
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