Effect of organic fertilizers on soil quality, productivity and quality of black pepper and cardamom.
2004
Srinivasan, D., Indian Institute of Spices Research, Calicut (India). Department of Soil Science
Soil survey in traditional pepper and cardamom growing areas covering 5 districts of Kerala showed that the organic matter build was lowest in Kozhikode and Cannanore districts. In black pepper, the application of organics increased pH to neutrality, improved the fertility status of the soil. Vermi compost and leaf compost treatments showed significant increase in the availability of major secondary and micronutrients. Piperline content was significantly high in leaf compost treatment. The increased p availability in vermicompost, leaf compost,sand and FYM treatments correlated well with the high population of PSB. Availability of soil P,K,Fe, Zn and Cu were significantly highest in vermicompost treatment. The yield was highest for FYM treatment (8.3 kg/vine) followed by vermicompost treatment (7 kg/vine). Highest benefit: cost ratio 4.15 was in FYM followed by leaf compost treatment. In cardamom, soil availability of P, K, Ca, Mn, Zn and Cu were highest in leaf compost, vermicompost and FYM treatments. N fixers and P-solubilizer population was highest in neem cake. The highest yield of 1.13 kg dry capsules/clump was in neem cake treatment on par with vermicompost (1.09 kg) treatment. Highest B/C ratio of 19.60 was observed in neem cake application.
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