Pig endoparasites in Estonia
2008
Jaervis, T., Estonian Univ. of Life Sciences, Tartu (Estonia). Inst. of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences | Maegi, E., Estonian Univ. of Life Sciences, Tartu (Estonia). Inst. of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences
Current study includes 12 industrial large farms with pig number of 245 -10500, 8 smaller conventional farms (13-87 pigs), 18 small farms (1-7 pigs), 2 ecological outdoor farms and one wild boar farm. In total 1918 faecal samples were collected in 2006-2007 and investigated for parasite eggs and oocysts. Helminth intestinal infections on industrial large farms were limited to Ascaris suum (8.1%) and Oesophagostomum spp. (1.6%) infections only with low (20 – 100) epg-s in some sow and fattener groups. Infection prevalence of pigs in smaller farm fattener groups was 48% with Ascaris suum, 74% with Oesophagostomum spp. and 59.6 % Eimeria spp. with high opg-s in all age groups (up to 10,000). On small farms 37.5% infection with Ascaris suum, 55.6% with Oesophagostomum spp. and 46.1% Eimeria spp. has been observed. Parasites found in pigs on the ecological farms: 89,4% Oesophagostomum spp., 31,5% Ascaris suum, 9% Strongyloides ransomi, up to 100% Eimeria spp. and Cryptosporidium sp. The wild boar farm results were: Oesophagostomum spp. 64%, Trichuris suis 21%, Metastrongylus sp. 7% and Eimeria spp. 100% with low epg/opg-s. Pigs on ecological farms were more intensively infected than on other farms. The identified Eimeria species in domestic pigs were: E. porci, E. polita, E. suis, E. neodebliecki. Wild boars had two more species: E. scrofae and E. guevarai. Industrial management on large farms with regular antiparasitic treatments seems to be successfully reducing the parastie infection level and species variety. Biological approach to parasite control on ecological farms should be studied further.
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