Fusarium species: the occurrence and importance in agriculture of Serbia
2009
Levic, J.T., Maize Research Institute Zemun Polje, Belgrade - Zemun (Serbia) | Stankovic, S.Z., Maize Research Institute Zemun Polje, Belgrade - Zemun (Serbia) | Krnjaja, V.S., Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade - Zemun (Serbia) | Bocarov-Stancic, A.S., Bio-Ecological Center, Zrenjanin (Serbia)
Fusarium species have been isolated from over 100 plant species in Serbia. From the economic aspect, they have been and still are the most important for the production and storage of small grains and maize, and are exceptionally important for some other species. Total of 63 species, 35 varieties (var.) and 19 specialised forms (f. sp.) of basic species, particularly of F. oxysporum and F. solani were identified. In recent years, species of the section Liseola have been increasingly occurring in wheat and barley. The June-October period in Serbia is the most critical for quality maintenance of stored maize, as the abundance and frequency of fungi, particularly of toxigenic species of the genus Fusarium, are the greatest during that period. In general, there is a lack of data about fusarioses of inductrial crops in Serbia. There are more descriptions of specific cases in which the development of Fusarium species was mostly emphasised by agroecological conditions. The presence of recently determined Fusarium species, in kernels of these plant species indicates their importance from the aspect the yield reduction and grain quality debasement and mycotoxin contamination. Root rot and plant wilt are characteristic symptoms of fusarioses for forage and vegetable crops, while pathological changes in fruits provoked by Fusarium species are less frequent. Fusarium oxysporum and its specialised forms prevail in these plant species.
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