Soil properties and vegetation on saline-sodic soil in the Nature Reserve Mostová
2008
Szombathová, N., Slovenská poľnohospodárska univ. v Nitre (Slovak Republic) | Eliáš, P., Slovenská poľnohospodárska univ. v Nitre (Slovak Republic) | Dítě, D., Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava (Slovak Republic). Institute of Botany | Macák, M., Slovenská poľnohospodárska univ. v Nitre (Slovak Republic)
The objective of this study was soil-oriented and phytosociological characterization of the saline area in the Nature Reserve (NR) Mostová located in the north-western part of the Danube lowland, Slovakia. A soil pit was trenched into the salt pan covered by a degraded community of Camphorosmetum annuae. The community occupying the most salinized plots was fairly frequent in the past, today, however, it is very rare in Slovakia. Soil morphology, physical and chemical parameters were analysed for the whole soil profile containing salt pan, and the chemical properties also for humus horizon (SAe) under the saline growth. We have found that the studied soil was compacted and it had unfavourable aggregate composition of SAe horizon. Aggregate disintegration could be due to prevailing Na sup(+), which moreover caused a strongly alkaline reaction. Capillary raise of water was documented by dynamic of carbonates, percentage of water-soluble salts and colloids, the amount of which increased in topsoil. The results showed 3 times higher content of NaCl, 1.7 times higher electrical conductivity, 1.5 times higher sodium adsorption ratio, 1.3 times higher exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) and by 0.6 higher pH values in the SAe horizon containing salt pan compared with SAe horizon under the saline growth. The humus content and quality was low. Based on pH values (ranging 10.57-9.91), ESP (58.7-43.0%) and electrical conductivity of solution (7,000-4,200 microS cm sub(-1)) we classified the studied soils as Sodic Solonchacks. The obtained results can contribute to better knowledge on ecology of saline soils in Slovakia and the Danube lowland.
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