Investigation on the breeding indexes of Jatropha curcas L. | 麻疯树育种指标的研究

Chino. 麻疯树是主要的生物质能源树种之一。对麻疯树花序进行研究,提出部分相关育种参数,为选育高产麻疯树品种提供科学依据。结果表明,1年中麻疯树生殖生长与营养生长交替进行,可多次开花。开花期在半年以上,而不同省份开花期不相同,尤以海南最长。形态分析表明,麻疯树花序发育具有典型的聚伞花序发育特点,1个花序的2级分枝数（主花序轴上的分枝数）将直接影响雌花数目。相关性分析表明,虽然每个花序2级分枝数与雌雄花比例极显著负相关（r=-0.57）,但与每花序结果数极显著正相关（r=0.92）,而与开花次数相关性不显著,花期与开花次数极显著正相关（r=0.83）。因此,花期和2级分枝数是育种和栽培的2个重要指标。方差分析表明,不同省份的花序长、每花序2级分枝数和雌雄花比例差异不显著。[著者文摘]

Inglés. Jatropha curcas L. is one of the most important energy trees, but a good variety is necessary for in dustrialization. Therefore, it is critical to get good varieties and strong seedlings by breeding and planting. By the research of inflorescences, some breeding targets were suggested which are the basis of the breeding in order to increase seed yield, and this provide science reference for seeds production and theory study. Our results show that reproductive and vegetable growth ofJ. curcas process alternately and blossom several times in a year. It keeps bloom ing over half a year, and the flowering stage is different in different province, longest in Hainan Province. By the analysis of inflorescence shape, it shows that the plant produces flowers as a racemose inflorescence with a dichasial eyme pattern. Moreover, the number of the female flowers are directly effected by the number of the second grade rhachises （the arborizations on main inflorescence rhachises） in a inflorescence. In addition, the number of the second grade rhachises is significantly negative correlation with the male-female flower ratio （ r = - 0. 57）, but significantly positive correlation with the fruits per inflorescence （ r = 0. 92） and not significant correlatively with flowerin＇g times. There is significantly positive correlation between flowering stage and flowering times （r = 0. 83）. So, the number of the second grade rhaehises and the flowering stage are two important targets for planting and breeding. There are not significantly different among the inflorescence length the number of the second grade rhachises.the male-female flower ratio and the fruits per inflorescence in different provinces.