Reducing damages caused by drought on the rain fed fig cultivation and its economicsocial impacts.

About two millions fig tree in the main local of fig production in Iran, is exposed to death (drought) by reducing of rain. Factors that effect on the trees in these conditions are competition between fig trees and weeds in soil moisture absorb, severe sun radiation, high temperature differences between night and day, water evaporation from soil surface. All mentioned factors effecting on the reducing in branch growth, leaf area, fruit number, leaf number and tree umbriferous amount and increasing trunk sunburn, browse death and complete fall in trees leaf. For prevention of these damages, this experiment was accomplished on Sabz variety of fig trees on the drought stress in Estahban county, with these treatments: 1-branch severe heading back 2-winter plough 3-weed elimination 4-aplication of white paint on main trunk 5-aplication of stone mulch 6- aplication of herbaceous mulch and 7-control treatment. This experiment was accomplished in random complete bulks design (RCBD) with five replications in three years. Adjectives such as width, number, yellowish, sunburn, abscission, temperature and water potential of leaf, diameter and length of branch, diameter and number of syconioum, time of ripening, skin color, size of ostiole and dry fruit diameter, yield and moisture profile in tree umbriferous amount were considered. Since cost-income consequence treatments are different, therefore the best treatment based on the economic aspects needed to be selected. Hence cost-income treatments separately, were considered. By using the current prices of inputs and output, the gross income of each treatment were calculated. The best treatments with the best economic and technical adjectives selected and recommended by TOPSIS method. To consideration socio-economic drought consequences on the gardeners, the questionnaire and interview method were utilized. The problems of drought related to total production, income and employment of gardener during the period of study investigated, also efforts of gardener against drought was considered. The results showed that the mechanical elimination of weeds was to be most successful method against the drought with increasing branch length, diameter and number of syconioum, percent of big and dry fruits, single fruit weight, yield and reducing browse death and green cover temperature. One half of heading back treatment reduced bad indexes of drought (yellowish, sunburn, leaf abscission and branch death) and increased of single fruit weight with completely open ostiole. Herbaceous mulch either was successful in reducing bad indexes of drought (yellowish, sunburn, leaf abscission) and consequently caused yield increased. Trunk whitening treatment caused fruit skin browning reduced and diameter of dry fruit increased, as a result the quality of fruit improved. The most percent of earliness fruits is results of plough treatment. The results of socio-economic study showed that the fifty percent reduction in yield and price happened in damaged gardens. The irrigation and pruning by gardener are prevail activities against drought. The treatment analysis on the bases of seven technical and economical adjectives illustrate that the herbaceous mulch, one half heading back and mechanical elimination of weeds treatments have more utility for gardeners, as well as these treatments have more profitability in comparison to control treatment.