Genetic relationships between Iberian wild boar populations and domestic Portuguese pig breeds determined by mitochondrial DNA polymorphism
2007
Pinheiro, I.; Alves P.C., Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Vairão (Portugal) | Gortázar, C., Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos, Ciudad Real (Spain)
Crossbreeding between domestic pigs and wild boars is common and represents a threat to the genetic identity of wild populations of Sus scrofa and an important economic loss to intensive farming. Therefore, it is imperative to study the genetic diversity of wild boar populations in the Iberian Peninsula, and to evaluate the hybridization level between the wild and domestic forms. In this work, phylogenetic relationships between several Iberian wild boar populations and domestic pigs, particularly the Portuguese breeds Bísaro and Alentejano, were assessed using a 717 bp fragment of the mitochondrial DNA control region. So far, in a total of 137 sequences obtained, 20 haplotypes were identified. The nucleotide variation between these haplotypes includes 19 single nucleotide polymorphisms, comprising 18 substitutions and one nucleotide indel. In this preliminary study, it is possible to recognize that various haplotypes are exclusive to wild or domestic pigs and some are shared by them. These shared haplotypes, found not only in wild forms, but also in several domestic European breeds, seem to be an evidence of crossbreeding. Currently, further analyses are being done in order to accurately characterize the phylogeographic patterns of the Iberian wild boars and the putative hybridization phenomenon
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