Content of heavy metals in typical agrolandscape soils and their accumulation by agricultural crops in the Orlov Oblast | Содержание тяжелых металлов в почвах типичного агроландшафта Орловской области и их накопление в зерне сельскохозяйственных культур
2009
Kuznetsova, E.A., Orel State Technical Univ. (Russian Federation)
Migration of heavy metals (HM) through soil genetic layers was studied. Their ways through soil to a plant and their content in plant organs were also done. Grey forest soils, plants and grain of cereal crops were tested in the Orel Region in a typical farm land at a distance from industrial buildings. It was found out that the most content of HM was in a arable (AL) and subarable layers (SL). Gross content of Ni, Co, Pb and Cd in a AL was 22.7, 1-10, 31.3 and 1.41 milli gram/kg respectively. Cr content was close maximum permissible concentration (MPC) and the one of Pb and Cd exceeded it. Ni and Co content was higher in SL than in AL and Pb,Cr and Cd content was lower in SL; that proved their industrial character of migration.The same laws were characterized also for mobile fors of HM. Organic fertilizer (OF) and chalk application forced the AL as an active biochemical block for HM and they also were an additional resource of HM. If 15 000 kg/ha of manure were applied and the follow amounts of HM passed into soil: Ni-177 g/ha; Co-38.1; Pb-96.8; Cd-2.32; Cr- 249 g/ha. Surface flow was the main reason of HM redistribution in the farm land. It resulted in their horizontal migration and accumulation in some parts of the landscape. HM accumulation in valuable parts of a number of crops was described as a common one and Hm content exceeded MPC. The content was the less in wheat grain in compare with other crops. Pb and Ni content of fruit and seed skins exceeded in 2.0-2.3 and 1.8-2.9 times respectively the one of the whole grain of wheat and rye. It was shown that plants, growing in lower slope parts and downward relief accumulated increased amount of HM.
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