Response of different maize of variou susceptibility to zinc application under sand culture conditions | 砂培条件下不同缺Zn敏感型玉米对施锌的反应

Chino. 研究不同缺Zn 敏感型玉米（Zea mays L.）对缺Zn的敏感程度和耐性。以缺Zn敏感型玉米品种陕单902、陕单 911、农大60、中单2号、户单2000和非敏感型玉米品种新陕资1号、郑单958、陕单8813、高农1号、户单4号为供试材料，在温室中进行不同供Zn水平（设无Zn、低Zn、适量供Zn和足量供Zn 4个处理，分别施0，0.5，1.5，3.0 mg/kg ZnSO4•7H2O）下玉米幼苗的砂培试验，研究供Zn量对玉米生长、生物量以及各部位Zn含量和吸收量的影响。不同缺Zn敏感型玉米对施Zn的反应有较大差异，缺Zn敏感型玉米对低Zn的敏感性明显高于非敏感型玉米。敏感型玉米品种幼苗较非敏感型的根冠比大；供Zn会降低玉米幼苗的根冠比，而促进地上部生长。缺Zn非敏感型玉米在低Zn条件下会受到较为严重的伤害，这种伤害比无Zn所造成的伤害更为严重。施Zn量为0.5 mg/kg时，玉米幼苗吸收的Zn绝大部分被累积在根中；施Zn量增加至1.5 mg/kg时，玉米幼苗Zn含量较无Zn处理普遍提高，缺Zn敏感型玉米根、茎、叶的Zn含量分别提高了20.5%，53.6%和18.5%，而非敏感型玉米分别提高了5.5%，83.4%和60.7%。缺Zn非敏感型玉米根系吸收的Zn更多地被转移至地上部，使地上部含Zn量的增幅显著大于敏感型玉米。不同缺Zn敏感型玉米在缺Zn条件下不仅生长和Zn营养的分布情况截然不同，而且在供Zn后对Zn的吸收也存在差异。

Inglés. The experiment was conducted to study the responses of different maize (Zea mays L.) to zinc-susceptibility and endurance at four zinc supplying rates (0, 0.5, 1.5, 3.0 mg/kg sand). A sand experiment of maize seedling growth was conducted using maize of susceptibility (Shaandan 902, Shaandan 911, Nongda 60, Zhongdan 2 and Hudan 2000) and non-susceptibility (Xinshanzi 1, Zhengdan 958, Shaandan 8813, Gaonong 1 and Hudan 1) to Zn deficiency in a greenhouse. The tentative results indicated that, when low rate of Zn (0.5 mg/kg) was supplied, the maize plants of zinc-susceptibility type to zinc deficiency were more sensitive than non-susceptibility maize plants. The susceptible genotypes to zinc deficiency had higher root to shoot ratios than non-susceptibility maize plants, because the root of zinc susceptibility genotypes grew better and could take up more nutrients. The decrease of root to shoot ratios promoted correspondingly the growth of the shoot. The maize plants for non-susceptibility genotypes under low zinc rate were damaged more seriously than those under zinc deficiency. Zinc taken up by maize seedlings was mainly accumulated in roots when the zinc supplying rate was 0.5 mg/kg. Zinc concentration in maize plants for zinc susceptibility types was increased obviously when zinc application rate was increased to 1.5 mg/kg, zinc concentrations increased by 20.5%, 53.6% and 18.5% in root, stem and leaf, respectively while that of the non-zinc susceptibility types increased by 5.5%, 83.4% and 60.7%, respectively. The Zn taken up by susceptibility genotypes was readily translocated to shoots, and increased the zinc concentration in shoot and the range of zinc concentration increased was higher than that of the non-susceptibility genotypes. The growth and Zn distribution of different zinc-susceptibility maize types were entirely different under zinc deficiency condition, moreover, there also existed difference for zinc uptake at zinc supply.