Comprehensive evaluation and forecast on physiological indexes of Alternaira alternata f. mali resistance in F1 hybrids of apple | 苹果杂交后代斑点落叶病抗性生理指标的综合评价及预测

Chino. 建立苹果抗斑点落叶病的综合评价及预测方法，为抗病株系的早期选择提供参考依据。以“富士”ד粉红女士”杂交F1代为试材，将苹果各生理指标的抗斑点落叶病系数，作为衡量苹果单项抗病能力大小的指标,用主成分分析法将各单项抗病系数综合成几个新的相互独立的综合指标,再利用隶属函数求出每一单株抗病性的综合评价值,以此评价各杂交F1代的抗病性。同时建立了植株抗病性综合评价值与单项指标抗斑点落叶病系数间的最优回归方程。杂交F1代单株抗病性综合评价值越高，抗病性越强。叶片净光合速率、绿原酸含量、苯丙氨酸解氨酶含量和百叶厚4个指标，可以作为苹果抗斑点落叶病的鉴定指标。回归分析表明，所建方程相关性显著，方程预测值（VP）的聚类分析结果与各株抗病性强弱顺序一致。隶属函数法和主成分分析法适合对苹果抗斑点落叶病进行综合评价；所建回归方程能够预测苹果杂交后代个体的抗病性。

Inglés. This study was to provide reference for per-selection of Alternaira alternate f. mali (AaM.) by establishing comprehensive evaluation and prediction method of resistance to AaM in apple. Based on F1 hybrids of “Fu Ji” and “Pink Lady”, the physiological indexes of resistance to AaM were comprehensively evaluated and predicted, and were used to value the F1 hybrids’ single capacity of AaM resistance to some new independent comprehensive indexes by principal component analysis. The comprehensive value of different F1 hybrids AaM resistance was obtained by using subor-dinative function, so the AaM resistance of different F1 hybrids can be evaluated. Meanwhile, the regression was established between the comprehensive value of AaM resistance and the value of single index to AaM resistance. The results showed that the comprehensive values were higher, the F1 hybrids AaM resistance was better. The net photosynthetic rate, chlorogenic acid content, phenylalanine ammonium-lyase content in apple leaves and thickness of hundred leaves would be used as indexes of evaluating AaM resistance in apple. The analyzed regression indicated that the function’s square was prominent. The results of Cluster analysis showed that the strength of the order was the same. Application of subor-dinative function and principal component analysis would be suitable to evaluate AaM resistant selection comprehensively. Regression can predict apple hybrids individual resistance.