The influence of meteorological conditions and nitrogen fertilizer on wheat grain yield and quality
2011
Skudra, I., Latvia Univ. of Agriculture, Jelgava (Latvia) | Linina, A., Latvia Univ. of Agriculture, Jelgava (Latvia)
Technological quality and protein composition of the wheat grain are influenced significantly by the system of growing, by variety, locality, year conditions and growing technology. A field experiment of four winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties was designed to study the influence of meteorological conditions and the effect of additional top dressing of nitrogen fertiliser rates to different varieties grain yield and bread quality data. Field experiment was carried out on sod calcareous medium loam soil of the Research and Training farm “Peterlauki” of Latvia University of Agriculture. The varieties, which were studied, according to the duration of the vegetation period can be relatively divided in three groups: early varieties, mid-early and mid-late varieties. The meteorological conditions in three year period were different compared to average long – term observations and this difference influenced plant development and yield. Obtained data show that fertilizer influence on winter wheat grain yield was significant. The application of nitrogen increased grain yield of late varieties by 10% as compared to early varieties. Grain crude protein content was affected by fertilizer application and by differences of meteorological conditions - from 93 to 172 g kg-1. Significant positive correlation was found among protein content and gluten content (r=0.93) and protein content among Zeleny index (r=0.82). The yield and baking quality parameters are depends on meteorological conditions in the investigated years and individually of varieties.
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