GIS applications in viticulture. The spatial distribution of climatic suitability for grape growing in Husi wine-growing Centre (Romania)

Inglés. This paper is part of a GIS-based approach aiming to develop the map of ecological suitability for grape growing in Huşi wine-growing centre, Huşi vineyard (Romania). The database underlying this study includes ten climatic factors and indicators that are considered to be defining for the climatic suitability of a geographic area. They are: solar radiation (kcal/cm2/1.04-30.09), solar insolation (hours/1.04-30.09), annual average temperature (°C), the hottest month average temperature (°C), the sum of fractions of average daily temperatures above 10°C for the period from 1st April to 30 September (Σtu°C), average rainfall for the period from 1st April to 30 September (mm), the length of bioactive period (mm), the heliothermal index (IHr), the bioclimatic index (Ibcv) and the index of oenoclimatic aptitude (IAOe). The values of climatic factors were grouped in three suitability classes, according to their influence on the grapes quality for wine grapes varieties, and included in a GIS database that has been used to generate the climatic suitability map of the wine-growing centre. The GIS-based analysis shows that 76.29% of Huşi wine-growing centre area has climatic potential for white qualitative wines production, 16.95% for red table wines production and 2.03% for white table wines, sparkling wines and distillates. No part of Huşi wine-growing centre has the climatic potential to produce red quality wines.

Rumano; Moldavo; moldavo. Lucrarea de fata este parte a unui studiu GIS, care are ca scop realizarea hartii distributiei spatiale a favorabilitatii ecologice pentru cultura vitei de vie in centrul viticol Husi, in functie de caracteristicile factorilor climatici, edafici si orografici. Fundamentul analizei climatice a arealului, ca si componenta a studiului GIS, il reprezinta o baza de date care include zece factori si indicatori climatici cu caracter sintetic, considerati definitorii pentru potentialul viticol al unei regiuni geografice, respectiv: radiatia solara (kcal/cm2 /1.04- 30.09), insolatia reala (ore/1.04-30.09), temperatura medie anuala (°C), temperatura medie a lunii iulie (°C), bilantul termic util (Σtu°C), precipitatiile din timpul perioadei de vegetatie (mm/1.04-30.09), lungimea perioadei bioactive a aerului (zile), indicele heliotermic real (IHr), indicele bioclimatic viticol (Ibcv), indicele aptitudinii oenoclimatice (IAOe). Valorile factorilor si indicatorilor mentionati au fost grupate in trei clase de favorabilitate si incluse intr-o baza de date GIS, cu ajutorul careia s-a realizat harta distributiei spatiale a favorabilitatii climatice pentru cultura soiurilor de vin. Din analiza GIS a arealului rezulta ca 76.29% din suprafata centrului viticol Husi detine conditii favorabile pentru producerea vinurilor albe de calitate, 16.95% pentru producerea vinurilor rosii de masa, iar 2.03% pentru producerea vinurilor albe de masa, a vinurilor pentru distilate si a vinurilor spumante. Conform rezultatelor acestui studiu, nici unul dintre plaiurile centrului viticol Husi nu intruneste conditiile climatice necesare producerii vinurilor rosii de calitate.