Growth and nutrient uptake capacity of high yielding rice crop
2002
Mohd. Aris J., Stesen MARDI Seberang Perai, Peti Surat 203, 13200 Kepala Batas, Pulau Pinang (Malaysia)
Isolated soil columns (each one cubic mater) of eight soil series from Muda Irrigation Scheme were used to study the growth and nutrient uptake of direct-seeded MR 84 variety. Low soil fertility status, regardless of soil series, affected crop growth significantly. What clearly differentiated the very fertile soil from the low fertility soil was its high content of potassium and magnesium. The deficiencies of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium hindered the achievement of high yields. The variability in soil fertility status produced rice yields in the range of 3.8 to 17 t/ha with a mean of 8.8 t/ha. The cummulative biomass accumulation over the growing period (105 days) resembled the signoid growth curve regardless of soil fertility status. A higher yield was associated with high biomass and nutrient uptake. The nutrient composition between high and low crop yield indicated significant variations in nutrient imbalance. To ac hieve an average yield of more than 10 t/ha the concentration of N, P, K, Ca, MG, S, Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu in leaf at harvest were 1.58%, 0.21%, 2.95%, 0.64%, 0.24%, 0.16%, 131.65 ppm, 95.20 ppm, 27.56 ppm and 1.04 ppm respectively. The total nutrient uptake to produced yield 10 t/ha was 347 kg N/ha, 64 kg P/ha, 393 kg K/ha, 23 kg Ca/ha, 25 kg Mg/ha, 22 kg S/ha, 1.80 kg Fe/ha, 1.23 kg Mn/ha, 934 gm Zn/ha and 46 gm Cu/ha. The mineral requirement indices of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu that produced yield 10 t/ha were 18.93 g/kg, 3.43 g/kg, 21.14 g/kg, 1.23 g/kg,1.33 g/kg, 1.18 g/kg, 96.39 mg/kg, 64.62 mg/kg, 49.82 mg/kg and 2.49 g/kg respectively. The nutrient removal by the grain was 256 kg N/ha, 50 kg P/ha, 104 kg/ha, 12 kg Mg/ha, 10 kg S/ha, 2 kg Ca/ha, 991 gm Fe/ha, 453 gm Mn/ha, 402 gm Zn/ha and 36 gm Cu/ha.
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