Effects of irrigation and plant densities on leaf area formation and yield in maize. [M.Sc. thesis] | Efekti navodnjavanja i gustine biljaka na formiranje lisne površine i prinosa kukuruza. Magistarska teza
2010
Mačkić, K.
A two-years field trials were carried out at the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad (Serbia), in Rimski Sancevi, during 2005-2006. The main goal of the study was to determine the effect of plant density on leaf area formation, yield and yield components under conditions with and without irrigation. Hybrid NS 6010, FAO 600 was used at five plant densities with 70 cm between row, and different space between plants within a row (30 cm, 24.5 cm, 21 cm, 18 cm, and 16 cm). Sprinkling irrigation was applied at pre-irrigation soil moisture 60% of the FWC. The control non-irrigated plot was also included. The leaf are per plant increased with the increase of number of days from planting, achieving maximum at 110 to 120 days from planting, or at the beginning of August, and then decreases. Higher values of leaf area per plant and leaf area index were determined within irrigation variant. Leaf area per plant decreased and leaf area index increased with the increase of plant density. Maximum values of leaf area per plant vary from 5746,9 to 6541,2 cm, and maximum leaf area index vary from 3,14 to 5,17 in irrigated conditions, depending on plant densities and a year. In non-irrigated conditions smaller leaf area per plant and leaf area index was formed, except in 2005 which is characterized by sufficient rainfall and favourable distribution. Yield increase by irrigation was modest, up to 15.96%, due to favourable weather conditions during corn vegetation. Plant density increase up to 60000 plants per hectare, in irrigated conditions, increased the yield up to 16 t/ha, but with further plant density increase, corn yield stagnates. In non-irrigated conditions increase of plant density above 50000 plants per hectare does not affect the yield.
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