Importance of spikelet formation phase in the yield biology of winter barley | Značaj faze organogeneze formiranje klasića u biologiji prinosa ozimog dvoredog ječma
2011
Pržulj, N., Institut za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo, Novi Sad (Serbia) | Momčilović, V., Institut za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo, Novi Sad (Serbia)
Plants evolve through strictly defined stages of development, which can be identified by changes in plant phenotype or by changes in the morphology of apical meristem. Differentiation of apical meristem passes through phases that proceed in a precise chronological order. This paper analyzes the significance of the length of the period of spikelet primordia formation, i.e. the double ridge (DR) phase, and its genotypic and phenotypic correlation with the other growth phases and yield components. In the course of five growing seasons (2002-03 to 2006-07) we studied the development of apical meristem in three two-rowed winter barley cultivars - Novi Sad 525, Sonate and Monaco. DR stage was shortest in the seasons with favorable weather conditions during that stage. It was longest when conditions were unfavorable, especially when temperatures were high. The shortest DR stage was found in the early cultivar Novosadski 525, the longest in the medium early cultivar Sonate. The cultivars had similar genotypic and phenotypic correlations between the length of DR stage on one side and the duration of the other development stages and yield components on the other side. DR period length was positively correlated with the duration of the formation of leaf primordia and negatively correlated with the other development stages, i.e. grain filling period, numbers of leaves and spikes and harvest index. The obtained results may find practical application in winter barley breeding. Further more detailed study involving a number of cultivars is required in order to confirm the above results.
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