Improvement of in vitro micropropagation of blackcurrant Cacanska Crna
2011
Vujović, T., Fruit Research Institute, Čačak (Serbia) | Ružić, Đ., Fruit Research Institute, Čačak (Serbia) | Cerović, R., Fruit Research Institute, Čačak (Serbia)
Upon the establishment of asceptic culture and rosette induction, shoots and black currant Cacanska Crna were multiplied on media of different hormonal composition. The optimisation of multiplication stage for this cultivar was rarely difficult. As the signs of chlorosis were traced on regenerated shoots upon the induction of rosette, these shoots were placed on different media, but without successful multiplication. To overcome the problem, we attempted different explant orientation i.e. horizontal or vertical position. The highest multiplication index was obtained in horizontally orientated explants (3.1), nonetheless low-quality shoots, incapable of further growing, were also observed. Further examination showed that shoots growing on a medium without cytokinins (MS medium sith 0.1 mg/l IBA and 0.1 mg/l GA) were long, well developed and could be subcultured by nodal transplantation – they were cut on one or two nodal cuttings and placed on the same medium. The average number of nodes/shoot was 3.3, whereas the highest recorded number of nodes/shoot was 6.0. Shoots were long, well developed, with wide dark green leaves and long petioles. Plantlets grown on the medium above also showed high rooting ability, their rooting rate reached 100% by 28th day. Root system was well developed whereby roots individually attained up to 8.3 cm. Well developed root system and high-quality rooted plants induce high acclimatisation and adaption rates (100% in both) under the mist system in greenhouse. Therefore, the process of micropropagation of this cultivar is considerably accelerated by using multiplication and rooting phases simultaneously. Similarly, the micropropagated protocol was also improved.
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