Influence of the technology of pea cultivation on nodulation and content of crop residues for improvement of soil fertility
2009
Pachev, I., Institute of Forage Crops, Pleven (Bulgaria) | Kertikov, T., Institute of Forage Crops, Pleven (Bulgaria) | Georgieva, N., Institute of Forage Crops, Pleven (Bulgaria)
During the 2005-2008 period at the Institute of Forage Crops in Pleven (Bulgaria), a three-factor field trial was carried out with the purpose of studying the influence of some elements of the technology for cultivation of winter forage pea (alone and mixed with triticale at different sowing dates and twofold regime of harvesting) on root system development, nodulation and crop residue quantity. The split plot method was used. It was found that under twofold harvesting of winter forage pea grown in pure stand, the maximum nodule number (26.62 g/plant) and dry root mass (1.55 g/plant) were formed by the plants from second sowing date (10-15 October) and the greatest quantity of crop residues (435.5 kg/ha) was accumulated at third sowing date (25-30 October). The same trends were recorded in the stands of pea sown in mixture with triticale. Twofold harvesting of the treatments of pea-triticale stand was conducted only for sowing on 25-30 September, the cereal component being harvested from the mixture. With regard to triticale, the sowing in the period of 25-30 October was the most efficient, because all studied characteristics reached their maximum values for this date of sowing. The soil of the pure pea stand was distinguished for increased content of mineral nitrogen and organic carbon (by 13.8 and 9.6%, respectively), as compared to the soil, on which the mixed stand was harvested. As a result of the pure pea cultivation, the soil pH decreased slightly (7.85 in H2O and 6.97 in KC1, respectively), compared to the control treatment (8.07 in H2O and 7.38 in KC1), whereas the mixed stand pH remained a constant (7.37 in KC1) or increased slightly (8.24 in H2O).
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