Pre and post exposure rabies prophylaxis in ruminants
2011
Knezevic, N., Veterinary Bureu Zemun, Belgrade - Zemun (Serbia) | Veljovic, Lj., Veterinary Bureu Zemun, Belgrade - Zemun (Serbia) | Pausak, Lj., Veterinary Bureu Zemun, Belgrade - Zemun (Serbia) | Djuricic, B., Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Belgrade (Serbia)
Last six years (2005-2010) rabies was confirmed in 5524 cattle, sheep and goats (Rabies Bulletin Europe 2011), that is 27.6% of domestic animals, or 11% of all confirmed rabies cases. At the same time in Serbia estimated 5 cases of rabies in ruminants (4% of all domestic animals, or 0.5% of all confirmed cases). In those papers we presented results of preventive vaccination of cattle, sheep and goat with vaccines produced by Veterinarski zavod Zemun (VZZ). Sometime we compared VZZ produced antirabic vaccines (live modified-MLV and inactivated-KV) and in other trials we compared these vaccines with rabies vaccines produced by foreign producers but licensed in Serbia. From obtained results we have following conclusions: MLV vaccines produced from HEP Fluty RV and multiplied on TC-CEF are safe and they can induce high immune response in ruminants; adding of adjuvant (Al(OH)3 or AlPO4) increase antigen level of attenuated and inactivated vaccines; addition of saponin in inactivated vaccines decrease antigen level of vaccine but increase immune response in vaccinated ruminants; solid immune response and protection against rabies up to 6 months can be expected in vaccinated animals; revaccination (recommended 3-4 weeks after first vaccination) can be achieved booster effect in ruminant; young animals vaccinated before immune maturation should be revaccinated between 4 and 6 months of age; high antigen properties of vaccines (more than 1.0 IU/ml) does not have influence on specific antibody level; effective PEP protocol for unvaccinated domestic animals exposed to rabies includes immediate rabies vaccination, a strict isolation period of 90 days, and booster vaccinations during third and eight weeks of the isolation period; the importance of preexposure rabies vaccination in domestic animals must not be ignored.
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