[Economical effectiveness of forest stands regeneration] | Ekonomická efektívnosť obnovy lesných porastov

Forestry, being the producer of the renewable sources of raw wood material for the wood-processing as well as pulp and paper industry, may be characterized by the long period of the reproduction process of forest regeneration. On the other hand, forestry itself fulfils several unsubstitutable non-production functions such as environmental function, water management function, protection function, etc. It is inevitable to harmonize often contradictory tendencies - for this purpose, the objective methods of operational and strategic managements are needed. This study provides tools for both the operational management of the forest regeneration (from period of the forest stand establishment to the period of its securing) as well as the strategic management of investments to the forest regeneration (from period of the forest stand establishment to the period of its securing). The study is conceived so that it can be us ed for forestry practice and education, too. The analysis of economic effectiveness of forest regeneration takes into account four ways in this study: 1.using the model of the secured forest stand, 2.using the decision tree model, 3.using the quantification of expected prolonged direct costs, 4.using the analysis of the real prolonged direct costs and the quantification of allowable range of direct costs. The analysis of economic effectiveness of forest regeneration based on the model of the secured forest stand provides the forest manager with the fast orientation quantification of direct costs per forest stand during the period between its establishment to its securing. If the forest enterprise analyses costs necessary for the securing of forest stand, the model allows quantifying of significant discrepancies between the real and model costs. The model costs are similar to the real costs only in the case of model securing of the forest stand. Based on the developed models, it is possible (according to the mentioned procedure) to quantify the orientation direct costs necessary for securing of all forest stands within the given management type of forest stands. The analysis of economic effectiveness of forest regeneration based on the method of decision tree allows the forest manager to model the process from the period of the forest stand establishment to the period of its securing according to the individual needs of any forest stand, according to the individual activities as well as according to the financial possibilities of the forest enterprise. The analysis of economic effectiveness of forest regeneration based on the quantification of expected prolonged direct costs in the period of the secured forest stand in given management type of forest stands gives the strategic forest stands investor equally accurate data in order to judge how the costs for given forest stand in given management type should be developed over the time. The quantified data are prolonged to the time value of financial means in the period of the forest stand securing according to the law (t + 10 years). Using the depiction of expected and real prolonged direct costs by the methods of the decision tree model together with the quantification of standard deviation in the secured forest stands established by the artificial, natural and combined regeneration, the forest enterprise disposes of the relevant data for decision making on investment to the forest stand in the period of the secured forest stand of the 45 UV 11 O management type of forest stands. Based on the quantified data, the forest manager knows the costs of individual activities in forest stands and he also knows how to possibly save some costs by non-realization of the given activity. Based on the quantification of standard deviation, he knows if the costs were overdrawn or within the allowable range or if the costs were saved. Based on the detailed analysis of costs in those forest stands where costs were overdrawn or saved, while such analysis is being applied to the forestry practice, the forest enterprise may significantly affect the level of costs necessary for the forest stand establishment and securing. Even though this study deals with the concrete forest enterprise, its results might be generalized and such methodology might be us ed for the adoption of principles of the economic effectiveness of the forest stand regeneration in the forestry practice and education.