The influence of crop rotation types on structurally-modular composition of sod-podzolic soils, formed on less loams | Влияние типов севооборотов на структурно-агрегатный состав дерново-подзолистых почв, сформированных на лессовидных суглинках
2011
Chernysh, A.F. | Ustinova, A.M. | Yukhnovets, A.V. | Klus, A.A., National Academy of Sciences. Scientific and Practical Center for Arable Farming (Belarus). Institute for Soil Science and Agrochemistry
In course of the research there was estimated efficiency of application of soil-protected crop rotations in increasing the stability of sod-podzolic soils developing on loesslike loams to water-erosive degradation. The research was realized in the conditions of the Republic of Belarus in the agricultural production co-operative 'Shchemyslitsa' (Minsk region) using data about soil structurally-modular composition. Soil-protected crop rotations were with a various ratio of grain crops: grain-grass - lupine (Lupinus), spring wheat (Triticum aestivum) + alfalfa (Medicago sativa), first-year alfalfa, second-year alfalfa, winter wheat (60% of grains); grass-grain - spring wheat, pea (Pisum) and oat (Avena sativa) mixture, winter wheat + legume-grass, first-year legume-grass, second-year legume-grass (40%); feed - spring wheat, winter rye (Secale cereale)+ stubbly, first-year alfalfa, second-year alfalfa, third-year alfalfa (20%), permanent cultivation of goat's rue (Galega orientalis L.) – 16-19 use years. As a result of realized research it was revealed that permanent goat's rue cultivation is the effective soil-protective method which makes it possible to increase the erosion-preventive soil resistance. In course of 19 years of the method use alignment of structurally-modular composition performance of an arable layer on soil-erosive catena is observed. Saturation of a crop rotation by grain crops to 60% leads to decrease of water stability of soil structure and negatively affects the indicators characterizing their erosion-preventive stability, in comparison with permanent goat's rue cultivation and crop rotations from shares of grain 20% and 40%.
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