Molecular id establishment of main china peach varieties and peach related species | 中国桃主要品种资源及其野生近缘种的分子身份证构建

Chino. 目的以国家果树种质郑州葡萄、桃圃保存的237份中国桃地方品种、育成品种及其野生近缘种为试材，进行种质分子身份证构建工作，并对构建方法进行探讨。方法采用筛选后的SSR标记对品种进行区分，然后根据引物对不同品种扩增条带分子量的大小进行编码、组合。结果从80对引物中筛选出来自桃8条染色体上的16对SSR引物，在供试种质间共检测出等位基因203个，每对引物平均检测到等位基因数为12.7个。根据等位基因既位于地方品种、育成品种，又位于近缘野生种的选择方法，筛选出123对等位基因并赋值后可用于构建种质的分子身份证。结论在237份种质中有202份具有的可辨分子身份证编码，继续对不同引物组合对种质的筛选效率进行分析，筛选出8对核心引物使176份种质具有可辨的分子身份证，平均每对引物区分种质达22.1份，即在保证每对引物区分效率较高的基础上，兼顾了总的区分数量。最后，为使区分品种简便化，依据引物的多样性指数先后选择引物组合，达到用最少的引物组合区分不同品种的目的。

Inglés. Objective A total of 237 peach germplasms including China landraces, bred varieties, and related species selected from national grape and peach repository of Zhengzhou were studied with SSR(simple sequence repeat) markers. Analysis was made to establish the 237 peach germplasms molecular ID and to study the methods for distinguishing the germplasms more simply.MethodGermplasms were distinguished with selected SSR markers, bands that amplified by each marker were coded, then combined the code as a molecular ID. ResultThe results showed that after screening of the 80 primers, 203 alleles were detected using 16 selected SSR markers located on each chromosome of peach, with a mean value of 12.7 alleles/locus. There were 123 selected alleles were coded to establish germplasms molecular ID based on strategy that alleles located both in landraces, bred and related germplasms. ConclusionThere were 202 out of 237 germplasms could be identified with an particular combined code numbers. Moreover, the identifying efficiency of different combinations of the primers were analyzed, 176 germplasms could be identified using 8 reduced core primers, with an average value of 22.1 germplasms/primers. The remaining primers have a higher identifying efficiency and more germplasms could be identified separately. At last, for distinguish germplasms more simply, through selection of the primer pairs according to its PIC step by step, the germplasms could be distinguished by a practical primer choice.