Effect of chemical mutagens, sodium azide and diethy sulphate on Amaranthus caudatus L.and A. hypochondriacus L. 2-induction of variations, cytological aberrations, acid phosphatase enzyme and rapd analysis
2011
Badr, M.A. | El-Torky, M.G. | El-Nashar, Y.I.
the effects of different concentrations of sodium azide (SA) and diethyl sulphate (DES) on the induction of variations, cytological and biological characteristics of Amaranthus caudatus L. and A. hypochondriacus L.The concentrations used were: 0 (distilled water), 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000 and 5000 ppm. Experiments were carried out in the form of a split - split plot design using three replicates and twenty four treatments in each replicate (2 species X2 mutagens X6 concentrations = 24 treatments). In both seasons, there were morphological changes in the plants according to the different concentrations from both mutagens.The changes contained leaf form, compact growth, inflorescence shape, form and colour. In pollen mother cells (PMCs) meiotic chromosome aberrations were found according to the chemical mutagens treatments. A substantial percentage of chromosome aberrations were induced in MI-generation in the two species. Three types of chromosomal aberrations were observed most frequently including univalents, bivalents and lagging dyads. Species, chemical mutagens and concentrations effects on the total soluble protein and acid phosphatase enzyme fractions of the leaves of the two week old seedlings showed significant effects. Genetic diversity and relationships detected by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis of Amaranthus caudatus and A. hypochondriacus showed the relationshap between the two species and the two new mutants
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