The role of root system traits in the drought tolerance of rice, oryza sativa L.
2010
Abd Allah, A.A. | Badawy, S.A. | Zayed, B.A. | El-Gohary, A.A.
A field and greenhouse experiments were conducted at Rice Research and Training Center, Sakha during 2008 and 2009 rice growing seasons to compare root system development of five rice varieties and lines ;viz., IET 1444, 5121-5-2, GZ 1368-S-5-4 and Sakha 101 under drought stress; and to identify traits that confer drought tolerance. After fifteen days from sowing (15 DAs) drought stress was imposed in greenhouse for four days, followed by rewatering till harvesting. Root length density (RLD), root diameter (RD), leaf dry weight (LDW)stem dry weight (SDW) and root xylem vessels number (RXV) were measured at the end of the stress period during maximum tillering stage. Control plants were well watered throughout GZ 5121-5-2 and GZ 1368-S-5-4 lines had thicker roots, higher root diameter, higher leaf and stem dry weights and higher root length density RLD (ratio of RLD in drought-stressed plants to that in control plants) than those under normal conditions. While, IET 1444 and Giza 178 cultivars had higher root diameter and leaf dry weight under normal conditions than under drought stress. Root xylem vessels number values were higher for all studied genotypes under drought stress than under normal conditions. The highest root xylem vessels were recorded for IET 1444, Giza 178 and GZ 5121-5-2 genotypes. The genotypes, Giza 178, GZ 5121-5-2 and GZ 1368-S-S-4, produced the highest grain yield under stress conditions compared to the others. Heritability estimates, in general, were higher for all studied traits. Related plant traits, such as root xylem vessels number, root length density, leaf and stem dry weights in IET1444, GZ1368-S-4-5 and GZ5121-5-2 genotyes were significantly more favorable for drought tolerance compared to Sakha 101 variety.
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