Properties of some yemeni soils and plants nutrient availability within different levels of soil depth

The present study concluded the following results. Soil moisture, of all studied soil,was found to drop down along of soil depth. The average of soil moisture was found to drop down from to 2.3 %, at soil depth up to 15 cm, to 1.1% at depth 15-30 cm. average of % at soil dept h up to 15 15-30 cm. Texture of Yemeni soils was characterized by the findings showed that decrease of soil particles size (increase smoothness) with increase soil depth. The soil texture of different soils varied between different governorates. Soil of Lahj governorate was characterized as sandy soil, while soils texture of lbb and Taiz governorates was characterized to be more of smaller size particles. The soil of the two governorates found to be of loam silt texture. Results of testing soil pH, EC and soluble solids showed that soils of all governorates under investigation are suitable for cultivation of most field, vegetable and fruit crops. Salinity (EC)of Yemeni soils were found to decrease with increasing soil depth, there was also negative relation between salinity and soil pH. The results showed that Yemeni soils are poor of their content of organic matter. Average content of organic matter for all studied soils was found to be around 0.78 %. The organic matter percentage was found to vary between soils of different governorates. Soil lime (calcium carbonate) was found to be of higher percentage (16 %) in the soils of mountainous regions, followed by soils of eastern plateau (9.3 %). However, soils of coastal regions found to contain the least percentage (7.2 %)of calcium carbonate (CaC03). Soils of Dhamar governorate were relatively contain higher calcium carbonate compare to soils of other governorates.The percentage of exchangeable bases was found to be within the range 71.9 - 84.2 %. This range was for the different soil depths.