Study on effectiveness of six mineral and chemical insecticides in control of the Chrysanthemum Aphids , (Hom.: Aphididae ) in greenhouse conditions.
2009
Hosseni Niya, Asghar | Bani Jamali, Mohammad | Sadeqi, Sadeq | Moradi A`shur, Behruz | Nazari, Reza | Talebi, Hamid | Bani A`meri, Vali Ol-Lah | Shafi`i, Mohammad Reza
Chrysanthemum aphid, Macrosiphoneilla sanborni (Gillette) and cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover are the most importante of chrysanthemum flower pests in Mahallat greenhouses and their damage are economic injuy. Study of effect of several insecticides on the chrysanthemum hasn't did yet in Mahalat green houses. They was used on chrysanthemum based on farmer experience on other crops. In this research were used from 7 compounds of insecticides including: endosulfan (ThiodanÆÊ-FanÆÊ), Imidacloprid (ConfidorÆÊ), pymetrozine (ChessÆÊ), pirimicarb (PirimorÆÊ) and pesticide jelly Sabz Avar - insecticidal soap (PalizinÆÊ), Silisium of rice grain paddy ashes source and Silicon (SiO3Na2) with many different consentration and in several times of spray on the chrysanthemum aphids. Experiment was carried out randomaized complete blocks desigen in 29 tratments in 1st year and 42 tratments in 2nd year with 3 replication . Results of the first years showed that different compounds had significant differences in comparison to control , but the most safty of them were, respectively ,Imidacloprid, pymetrozine , SiO3Na2 with once application, endosufan , pirimicarb with 7.5, 12.5, 12.5, 15, 17.5 %phytotoxicity. Rate of phytotoxicity was 56.67% for once application of palizin and was the highst (79.83%) in twice of application. Degree of effect of compounds was evaluated with 42 tratments and results showed that Imidacloprid (0.5ml/lit) was the best treatment with 92.3 % mortality rate. Other treatments including imidacloprid(0.4ml/lit), endosulfan 2.5ml/lit, endosulfan 2ml/lit, pirimicarb 2 ml/lit , silis of rice grain paddy ashes source 2% with thrice application spray , imdacloprid 0.3 ml/lit and pymetrozine 1.25 ml/lit had 90, 87.5, 84.1, 82.8, 80.6, 79.3 and 79.2 % mortality respectively. Phytotoxiciy of silisium of rice grain paddy ashes source was 27.33% that has not had physiological damage, and had ashes residual and dirty on the plant, so most use from silisium resource as potentially is considered for control this pest but has been ashes residue on the shrub only. So silis of ashes source can be as a potentially compound in integrated control of chrysanthemum aphids.
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