Effect of cultivation and domestication on growth and essential oil composition of some of Thymus kotschyanus and Th. daenensis and in Qazvin province

In order to study habitaes of some thymus species and effect of cultivation of them in agronomy echosistems two experiments were conducted in natural site and cultivated condition separately in 2005 to 2009 in Qazvin province. First with study distribution region of Thymus kotschynaus and Th.daenesis in qazvin province, two sites selected in alamoot and abgarm for plotting , registration features and taking cutting of them was carried out. Then each of theses species cultivated separately at smaeelabad research station in a randomized complete block design with three replicates were tested During the experiment, some charactristics of and physiological growth indices of them were investigated. For each species, the results of years of experiment were combined analysis. Result showed that dry aerial yield of two species were 250 and 350 kg/ha at habitat condition. Evaluation of aerial parts, essential oil content and essential oil composition and Th. kotschynaus and Th.daenesis in habitate indicated that Th.daenesis in terms of yield per plant was higher than Th. kotschynaus. Essential oil content of Th.daenesis (%3) comparison toTh. kotschynaus (about 1.8 percent) thus yield oil Th.daenesis nearly doubled Th. kotschynaus. Also, thymo of Th.daenesis was higher (%70) compared Th. kotschynaus that was the maximum 60 percent. Result in cultivated condition of Th. Kotschynaus and Th.daenesis showed that the average crop growing degree days for seed harvest was between 1900 to 2300. Flowering aeria parts of species were harvested 4 times in years 85 and 87 and 3 times. Average growing degree days for each cutting at flowering stage was between 700 and 1400. First performance was higher than other cuttings and increased in second year and third year was higher tahan second year. Average performance of Th.daenesis and Th. Kotschynaus were 4120 and 4830 kg ha respectively, Essential oil yield and essential oil compounds in cuttings and years of expriment showed little change. Essential oil content and thymol content of Th.daenesis was similar between cultivated condition and its habitat. But thymol of Th. Kotschynaus at field condition was less than compare with its habitat.