Screening for cocoa pod borer resistance based morphological descriptors
2007
R. Haya | Navies, M., Malaysian Cocoa Board, Cocoa Research and Development Center, Mile 10, Apas Road, P. O. Box 60237, 91012 Tawau, Sabah (Malaysia) | Kelvin L. | Albert, L.S.C., Malaysian Cocoa Board, Wisma Sedco, 5th & 6th Floor, Locked Bag 211, 88999 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah (Malaysia) | A. Alias, Malaysian Cocoa Board, Cocoa Research and Development Center, Mile 10, Apas Road, P. O. Box 60237, 91012 Tawau, Sabah (Malaysia) | Nuraziawati M.Y., Malaysia Cocoa Board, Cocoa Research and Development Center, P. O. Box 30, Jln Sg. Dulang, 36307 Sg. Sumun, Perak (Malaysia)
Morphological traits of the cocoa clones were assessed as possible parameter in screening for resistance to Cocoa Pod Borer. One hundred and fifty nine (159) cocoa clones were screened for their morphological traits at the Malaysian Cocoa Board, Research and Development Centre. One of the pod morphological characteristics assessed was sclerotic layer (SCL) hardness determined using SP02 penetrometer. SCL hardness was measured on five pods from each clone at 15 points per pod with five measurements at primary furrow (PF), secondary furrow (SF) and ridges (R), respectively. SCL hardness was measured in units of kg cm-2. The ANOVA showed significant differences (P less than 0.01) in SCL hardness among the clones screened. The SCL hardness was between 51.49 to 183.03 kg cm-2. The cluster analysis using Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic mean (UPGMA) grouped the clones into six clusters according to their SCL hardness. Clones CC39, ICS9, E ET 353, ACT2/18, ICS I, APA4, IMC55, Larange, SIC 1 and SIAL325 are the hardest clones, whereas EET391, K39, EET308, CC54, CC71, CC 10, ICS 16 and IMC45 are the softest clones. The relationship between SCL hardness, SCL thickness, husk thickness and pod surface roughness index were also discussed.
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