Distribution pattern of seed yield in cowpea.
1989
Kahn B.A. | Stoffella P.J.
Vertical distribution patterns of seed yield have not been reported for cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.]. This study was conducted to describe the distribution of seed yield and yield components in several cowpea cultivars and to document possible cultivar differences. Ten cultivars were evaluated in 1985 at Fort Pierce, FL on an Oldsmar fine sand (sandy, siliceous, hyperthermic Alfic Arenic Haplaquods) soil and Bixby, OK on a Severn very fine sandy loam [coarse-silty, mixed (calcareous), thermic Typic Udifluvent] soil. Nodal groups were created to facilitate interpretation of seed yield (total seed weight per plant) distribution patterns. Cultivars differed in pod number, seeds per pod, and average weight per individual seed at both locations and in seed yield in Florida. Seed yield was equally distributed between main stems and branches on an overall basis, but the nodal grouping analyses revealed cultivar differences. Over 50% of the seed yield came from pods originating from the main stem for 'Elite', 'Crimson Purplehull', Encore', 'Texas Cream 12', and 'Pinkeye Purplehull' at both location. In contrast, over 50% of the seed yield came from pods originating from branches for 'White Acre', 'Mississippi Cream', 'Corona', and 'Epoch' at both locations. Except for Crimson Purplehull in Oklahoma, each cultivar had over 50% of its seed yield originating in Nodal Group I (Nodes 1 to 6 in Florida, Nodes 1 to 7 in Oklahoma). Except for Elite in Oklahoma, most of the seed yield in Nodal Group I came from pods originating from branches. In contrast, most of the seed yield in the upper nodal groups came from pods originating from the main stem for each cultivar at both locations. There was no evidence that seed yield differences were associated with specific differences in plant architecture.
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