Little sickle leaf disease of black pepper [Piper nigrum].
1986
Kueh T.K. | Ahmed M.I.
Little sickle leaf disease of black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) occurs occasionally in young vines grown in soils with sandy texture. The main symptoms are distortion, chlorosis, mottling and size reduction of leaves, shortening of internodes and berry spikes, and stunted growth. Cultivated varieties 'Kuching', 'Uthirancotta' and 'Belantung' are susceptible to the disease. Detailed investigations of partially and severely infected 'Kuching' pepper vines indicated that the initial infection sets in four to seven months after field planting. It was, however, not uncommon to find commencement of infection in more than one year old vines. Petiole length, leaf length, leaf width, leaf area, fresh and dry weights of leaves, spike length, fresh and dry weights per spike, number of berries per spike, and fresh and dry weights of berries per spike were significantly reduced in severely and partially infected vines. Chemical analysis of laminae revealed that dry matter was significantly reduced but phosphorus and zinc contents were significantly increased in severely infected vines and in infected climbing stems of partially infected vines. Green berry yield was drastically reduced in partially and severely infected vines. Fusarium solani and F. moniliforme were isolated from the roots and underground stems of infected vines. Grafting failed to transmit the disease in field.
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