Dasar-dasar biologi dan ekologi untuk pemanfaatan jenis-jenis Dipterocarpaceae.
1984
Ashton P.S.
Though exploitation of mixed Dipterocarp forest to meet the demand of export markets has reached unprecedented levels, the research needed to establish systems of sustained-yield management has yet to be undertaken. The present meagre evidence confirms that present exploitation rates cannot be maintained. Selection systems of management will generally prove less productive than uniform systems,nd that the 30-35 years felling cycles frequently advocated will prove unattainable. Re-exploitation of selectively logged forest during periods of high timber prices, and the severe damage and erosion caused by logging operations in steep country eliminate any possibility of natural regeneration. Nevertheless, plantation forestry in the lowland humid tropics may prove profitable only on those most favoured sites when it must directly compete with agriculture. Present levels of exploitation will lead to timber shortages on local markets. If mixed Dipterocarp forest still remain by then and without positive steps to ensure this the outlook for hardwood forestry should become more favourable. Ecological considerations advocate multiple-use forestry and the more complete utilization of multi species managed forests that a well-developed local market alone can fulfill. Meanwhile it is urgent (1) that silvicultural research should be expanded, (2) that methods of vegetative propagation and transplanting should be developed for enrichment of impoverished stand, (3) that research be developed to increase the utilization of dipterocarp forest, especially for products other than timber, (4) that a fuller appreciation is gained of the dependence on the forest by traditional rural communities and (5) that adequate representative areas be set aside and declared inviolate - without these no research can proceed.
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