Molecular study of the surfclam Spisula solidissima
2004
Achuthankutty, C.T.
The paper deals briefly with a technique developed for the identification of the early stages of veligers of the surfclam Spisula solidissima from the larval stages of other common bivalve species using a combination of DNA probe and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. An oligonucleotide sequence designed from the 18S ribosomal RNA gene (nucleotide position 259-276) provided a sensitive probe for the Family Mactridae, to which S. solidissima belongs. DNA of unknown larvae picked from the plankton samples was extracted using Chelex-100. The 600 bp fragment of the 18S rRNA gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). PCR products and controls were tested with the mactrid-specific probe by dot-blot hybridization. The probe hybridized only with controls and larvae of S. solidissima and Mulinia lateralis (the only other member of Family Mactridae present in the study site). Higher percentage of larval amplifications were detected by dot-blot hybridization than by agarose gel electrophoresis indicating that colorimetric detection with a probe is more sensitive than ethidium bromide in the visualization of DNA. Restriction enzymes BtsUI and Aval having different restriction sites were used in RFLP analysis to separate the larvae of S. solidissima from those of M. lateralis. It is suggested that a similar approach in fishery biology may be very effective and quick in identification of eggs and larval stages of commercially important species of shell and fin fishes in studies pertaining to population dynamics, reproductive behaviour, larval recruitment, resource evaluation and management
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