Экономическая биологизация технологий воспроизводства растениеводческой продукции
2012
Makar, I.N., Gorki Executive Committee, Mogilev reg. (Belarus) | Valko, V.P., Belarus State Agrarian Technical Univ., Minsk (Belarus)
Efficiency of agricultural production of the Republic of Belarus is difficult to be evaluated because of ambiguousness of the main trends of agricultural development. But generally, the level of the efficiency of agriculture is quite low. It may be explained with high energy and material consumption of the branch if compared to the other world countries. Requirement of Belarusian agriculture in fuel, metal, fertilizers and chemicals 3-4 times exceeds the same in European and American agriculture. Old-fashioned technologies of soil cultivation, fertilizer application and crop husbandry appear economically unprofitable and lead to soil degradation and crop yield decline. Humus content in soil is one of the most important characteristics of soil fertility and crop husbandry productivity. Various aspects of agricultural production's efficiency are considered, as well as the experience of implementation of energy saving, soil protective and innovative technologies are generalized in the article. Straw mulching is presented as a method of organic agronomy, increasing crop yields of agricultural plants and developing soil fertility. Economic substantiation of straw mulching and utilization as organic fertilizer is made. Nitrogen fixation by several agricultural cultivars due to straw mulching allocation is calculated. Influence of enriched green fodder on milk quality is evaluated. Complex application of all elements of biological agriculture is analyzed; economic efficiency of the suggested method is displayed.
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