Variation trends of soil enzyme activity and soil fertility in greenhouses with different planting years | 不同种植年限日光温室土壤肥力与土壤酶活性的变化规律

Chino. 研究日光温室土壤酶活性和土壤肥力随种植年限的变化趋势，为日光温室科学施肥管理提供依据。选取兰州市皋兰县露地（对照，CK）及种植年限分别为1，3，5，10，15年的日光温室土壤作为供试材料，分析土壤养分含量和土壤酶活性的变化规律及其相互关系。研究区内温室土壤有机质含量处于中下等水平，而氮、磷、钾的含量较高。随着种植年限的增长，研究区内温室土壤有机质、氮素、磷素、钾素含量基本呈上升趋势，种植年限与土壤全磷、全钾、速效磷含量的相关性达到极显著水平，与有机质、全氮、碱解氮、速效钾的相关性达到显著水平；土壤脲酶和蔗糖酶活性总体呈下降趋势，蛋白酶和过氧化氢酶活性则保持相对稳定水平，种植年限与脲酶活性的相关性达到显著水平，与蔗糖酶、蛋白酶、过氧化氢酶活性之间的相关性不显著。土壤脲酶与有机质、全氮、速效磷和速效钾均呈显著负相关关系，蔗糖酶与全磷呈显著负相关关系，蛋白酶和过氧化氢酶与各土壤养分相关性均不显著。为维持日光温室土壤的可持续高效生产，应多施优质有机肥，同时还应适当减少化肥的施用量。

Inglés. The study was conducted to get a scientific management pattern of fertilizer application in greenhouse by researching the variation trends of soil enzyme activity and soil fertility with the extension of planting years. Soil samples were taken from greenhouses with different years of planting in Gaolan county, whose soil enzyme activity and soil nutrient content were determined respectively. And the correlativity between soil enzyme and soil nutrient was analysed at the same time. The results showed that the amount of soil organic matter was low, while the amount of N, P and K was high. All soil fertility indices involved were upward trend in the mass, who had significant correlation with the years of planting. Besides, the activity of urease and invertase were downward trend, while protease and catalase activity maintained their relatively stable levels. What’s more, the activity of urease had significant correlation with the years of planting, and the activity of invertase, protease and catalase had no significant correlation with the years of planting. In addition, the activity of urease and invertase had a significant negative correlation with soil nutrient content, while the activity of protease and catalase had no significant correlation with soil nutrient content. To maintain sustainable efficient production in greenhouse, high-quality organic fertilizer was supposed to apply, and the amount of N, P and K fertilizer should be reduced properly in the mean time.