Introduction of Stay Green Mutant for the Development of Black Seed Coat and Green Cotyledon Soybean Variety
2010
Kang, S.T., National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, Suwon, Republic of Korea | Seo, M.J., National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, Suwon, Republic of Korea | Moon, J.K., National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, Suwon, Republic of Korea | Yun, H.T., National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, Suwon, Republic of Korea | Lee, Y.H., Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea | Kim, S.J., National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, Suwon, Republic of Korea | Hwang, Y.S., Kangwon National University, Samcheok, Republic of Korea | Lee, S.K., National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, Suwon, Republic of Korea | Choung, M.G., Kangwon National University, Samcheok, Republic of Korea
The soybean stay green mutant genotype (SSG) derived from the nuclear gene, d1d2, and cytoplasmic gene, cytG, inhibit the breakdown of chloroplast in the leaves, pod walls, seed coats, and embryos during maturity. Soybean seed with black seed coat and green cotyledon (SBG) are preferred than black seed coat with yellow cotyledon (SBY) especially for cooking with rice and as source of traditional food in Korea. The researchers evaluated the seed's chlorophyll content of SSG and introduced SSG to the SBG variety breeding program. The seed chlorophyll content of SSG with d1d2 was 39.93~60.80 ㎍/g and SSG with cytG 38.08~39.89 ㎍/g. The Korean SBG variety which was derived from SSG with cytG, contains 16.35~37.73 ㎍/g. The composition of seed chlorophyll differs according to the genetic background of SSG genotype. Inheritance study showed that cotyledon color was segregated 15:1 (yellow:green) at F₂ seed indicating two recessive genes control green cotyledon as revealed by previous study. Only less than 3% soybean lines showed black seed coat with green cotyledon among crosses SBY and SSG (d1d2). Results showed that SSG with d1d2 can be used as a good source for SBG with high chlorophyll content in the seed cotyledon, but due to the complex genetic behavior, breeding resource of SBG with d1d2 should be prepared to improve the breeding efficiency for development SBG variety.
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