Phylogenetic Relationships of Jeju Dogs to Other Domestic and Foreign Dog Breeds Determined by Using mtDNA D-loop Sequences
2011
Kim, M.G., Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea | Kim, N.Y., National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Jeju, Republic of Korea | Lee, S.S., National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Jeju, Republic of Korea | Kim, K.I., Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea | Yang, Y.H., Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
Phylogenetic relationships of Jeju dogs to other domestic and foreign dog breeds were assessed using mtDNA D-loop sequences. Neighbor-joining trees were constructed using complete sequences (970 bp excluding the tandem repeat region) determined for five Cheju, four Jindo, four Sapsaree, five Pungsan, two of each East and West Laika dogs (Canis familiaris), two gray wolves (Canis lupus) and two coyotes (Canis latrans) and also published complete sequences for dogs. Coyote sequences were used as outgroups. In addition, a total of 214 haplotypes of 598bp D-loop sequences from 30 dog breeds were collected from GenBank and used to investigate genetic structure of population. In the analyses of full D-loop sequence variation and the phylogenetic trees constructed by neighbor-joining method, neither haplotypes nor clades specific for any domestic dog breeds were observed. The inter-species sequence variation (4.51%) between domestic dogs and wolves was much higher than the intra-species sequence variation within domestic dogs (1.63%) and wolves (3.64%). The divergence of the dog and wolf occurred approximately 1~2 million years ago based on these values. The taxa of Jeju dog breed in the phylogenetic tree are clustered separately and intermingled with other taxa of breeds, suggesting that active crossbreeding of Jeju dogs with other domestic breeds.
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